Solar Cell, Solar Module and Solar Array

Solar cells are of tiny sizes and produce approximately one watt power. Figure (a) represents solar cell which produces voltage around 0.5V to 0.6V. As the voltage of solar cells is quite low so these cells are connected in series for getting sufficient output voltage. The series connection of solar cells is called solar module which is shown in figure (b). The voltage of solar modules are usually multiple of 12 V so that they can be readily used based on the system requirements as shown in figure (c). The resultant voltage of solar array is called system voltage.